Connecting the nose and mouth to the lungs, and providing the airway between the larynx and the lungs, the trachea is a pivotal part of the human respiratory system and is often referred to simply as the windpipe. There is a lining of ciliated cells inside the trachea, which help to push particles out of the way. There is also a mucous membrane lining inside the trachea.
The trachea performs a primary function as part of the respiratory system, and when a serious disease or damage is sustained by the trachea the life of the patient could be at risk. Damage or disease to the trachea could therefore affect respiration and breathing, and in some cases, this could mean that the patient has to undergo surgery or may even need artificial breathing assistance in the form or a ventilator or respirator.
There are a number of surgical procedures that may be carried out in relation to the trachea. One of these is known is intubation, where a tube is placed into the nose or the mouth and runs down to the trachea in order to pump air to the lungs. Another procedure is known as a tracheotomy, where a small incision is made in the throat, through which a tube is inserted, and ventilation is provided though this method.
Any abnormality, disease, or damage to the trachea could have serious consequences because of the important role that the trachea plays in the functioning of the human body. This includes infections, inflammation of the trachea, inflammation of the membrane lining of the trachea, and cartilage defects that can result in the collapse of the cartilage and the trachea.
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